The significant accounting policies followed by the University of Florida are described below to enhance the usefulness of the financial statements.
A. Reporting Entity
The University of Florida is a separate public instrumentality that is part of the State university system of public universities, which is under the general direction and control of the Florida Board of Governors. The University is directly governed by a Board of Trustees (Trustees) consisting of thirteen members. The Governor appoints six citizen members and the Board of Governors appoints five citizen members. These members are confirmed by the Florida Senate and serve staggered terms of five years. The chair of the faculty senate and the president of the student body of the University are also members. The Board of Governors establishes the powers and duties of the Trustees.
The Trustees are responsible for setting policies for the University, which provide governance in accordance with State law and Florida Board of Governors Regulations. The Trustees select the University President. The University President serves as the executive officer and the corporate secretary of the Trustees, and is responsible for administering the policies prescribed by the Trustees.
Criteria for defining the reporting entity are identified and described in the Governmental Accounting Standards Board's (GASB) Codification of Governmental Accounting and Financial Reporting Standards, Sections 2100 and 2600. These criteria were used to evaluate potential component units for which the primary government is financially accountable and other organizations for which the nature and significance of their relationship with the primary government are such that exclusion would cause the primary government's financial statements to be misleading or incomplete. Based on the application of these criteria, the University of Florida is a component unit of the State of Florida, and its financial balances and activities are discretely presented in the State's Comprehensive Annual Financial Report.
B. Discretely Presented Compenent Units
Based on the application of the criteria for determining component units, certain affiliated organizations are required to be included within the University reporting entity as discretely presented component units because of the significance of their relationship with the University. These organizations are legally separate from the University and are governed by separate boards. The University further categorizes its component units as Direct-Support Organizations, Health Science Center Affiliates, and Shands Hospital and Others. An annual audit of each organization's financial statements is conducted by independent certified public accountants. The annual reports are submitted to the Auditor General and the University Board of Trustees. Additional information is presented in Note 20.
However, financial activities of certain component units are not included in the University's financial statements and are denoted below with an asterisk (*). The total assets and operating revenues related to these component units are $47 million and $27 million, respectively. These amounts represent less than one percent of the total aggregate component units' assets and operating revenues.
C. Direct-Support Organizations
The University's direct-support organizations, as provided for in Section 1004.28, Florida Statutes, and Board of Governors Regulation 9.011, are considered component units of the University of Florida and therefore the latest audited financial statements of these organizations are discretely presented in the financial statements of the University. These legally separate, not-for-profit corporations are organized and operated exclusively to assist the University to achieve excellence by providing supplemental resources from private gifts and bequests, and valuable education support services. The Statute authorizes these organizations to receive, hold, invest, and administer property and to make expenditures to or for the benefit of the University. These organizations and their purposes are explained as follows:
University of Florida Foundation, Inc., solicits, collects, manages, and directs contributions to the various academic departments and programs of the University, and assists the University in fund raising, public relations, and maintenance of alumni records. Their financial statements include the activities of the University of Florida Alumni Association, Inc.
The University Athletic Association, Inc., conducts various inter-collegiate athletic programs for and on behalf of the University.
University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc., promotes, encourages, and assists research activities of the University through income derived from or related to the development and commercialization of intellectual properties, which include inventions, discoveries, processes, and work products.
GatorCare Health Management Corporation coordinates and facilitates the management of the self-insured health insurance plan of the University and its participating affiliated employers, collecting and paying employer and employee premiums.
Gator Boosters, Inc., solicits funds for the benefit of the University athletic programs.
University of Florida Development Corporation develops and maintains Innovation Square where the University-owned Florida Innovation Hub is located.
Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc., was formed to advance disease and production research and product development activities to ensure the survival and competitiveness of Florida's citrus growers through innovation.
University of Florida Alumni Association, Inc., supports activities of the alumni of the University of Florida. Its financial transactions are reflected in the financial statements of the University of Florida Foundation, Inc.
Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc.,* supplies Florida farmers and producers with crop seed and nursery stock. This organization stocks foundation seed of the best-known varieties acceptable to Florida climate and soils in adequate quantities and at reasonable prices.
The University of Florida Law Center Association, Inc.,* promotes, supports and improves legal education, legal research, the legal profession and the administration of justice; and assists the Levin College of Law in the development and maintenance of a law center.
Florida 4-H Club Foundation, Inc.,* promotes the educational objectives of the 4-H Youth Development Program, an official part of the Florida Cooperative Extension Service.
University of Florida Leadership and Education Foundation, Inc.,* was formed to further agriculture and natural resource education and related activities, promote agriculture and natural resources leadership, and make contributions to and confer benefits upon the University.
University of Florida Investment Corporation* promotes the educational purposes of the University of Florida by providing investment research, advice, counsel, and management to and for the University Board of Trustees and affiliated organizations of the University.
Citrus Research and Education Foundation, Inc.,* expedites citrus production, propagates new plant materials, collects and analyzes environmental impact research data, and provides research and education support to the University of Florida Citrus Research and Education Center at Lake Alfred.
Treasure Coast Agricultural Research Foundation, Inc.,* supports, encourages, and fosters research, education, and extension at the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences of the University on issues related to the citrus industry within the Indian River region.
UF Historic St. Augustine, Inc.,* ensures the long-term preservation and interpretation of State-owned historic properties in St. Augustine.
Southwest Florida Research and Education Foundation, Inc.,* provides research and educational support to the University of Florida Southwest Florida Research and Education Center.
D. Health Science Center Affiliates
The corporations listed below, except University of Florida Jacksonville Healthcare, Inc., and Faculty Clinic, Inc., are Faculty Practice Plans, as provided for in Board of Governors Regulation 9.017. The Faculty Practice Plans provide educationally-oriented clinical practice settings and opportunities through which faculty members provide health, medical, veterinary, and dental care to patients as an integral part of their academic activities and their employment as faculty. Because these faculty practice activities generate income, the colleges are authorized to regulate fees generated from faculty practice and maintain Faculty Practice Plans for the orderly collection and distribution of fees. These organizations provide significant support for the clinical instruction function of the University of Florida J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center (JHMHC) and are component units of the University of Florida.
Florida Clinical Practice Association, Inc., bills and collects clinical professional fees to support the educational, research, and service programs of the University of Florida College of Medicine.
University of Florida Jacksonville Physicians, Inc., bills and collects clinical professional fees to support the educational, research, and service programs of the University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville.
Florida Veterinary Medicine Faculty Association, Inc., bills and collects clinical professional fees to support the educational, research, and service programs of the University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine.
University of Florida Jacksonville Healthcare, Inc., is a not-for- profit health services support organization, as provided for in Board of Governors Regulation 9.011, the purpose of which is to further medical education and operate outpatient clinic facilities, by engaging in strategic alliances and partnerships with non-academic entities, effecting managed care contracting and provider network development for the JHMHC. Its operations are funded by University of Florida Jacksonville Physicians, Inc., and Shands Jacksonville.
Faculty Associates, Inc., bills and collects clinical professional fees to support the educational, research, and service programs of the University of Florida College of Dentistry.
Faculty Clinic, Inc.,* a not-for-profit, tax-exempt corporation operates primarily as a facility management company that leases space to Shands Jacksonville and University of Florida Jacksonville Physicians, Inc.
University of Florida College of Nursing Faculty Practice Association, Inc.,* performs billing and collection of professional fees to support the educational, research and service programs of the University of Florida College of Nursing.
Florida Health Professions Association, Inc.,* performs billing and collection of clinical professional fees to support the educational, research, and service programs of the University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions.
University of Florida College of Pharmacy Faculty Practice Association, Inc.,* performs billing and collection of fees to support the educational, research, and service programs of the University of Florida College of Pharmacy.
E. Shands Hospital and Others
Shands Teaching Hospital and Clinics, Inc., (Shands) was incorporated October 15, 1979, as a not-for-profit corporation. Shands, a major tertiary care teaching institution, is a leading referral center in the State of Florida and the southeast United States and facilitates medical education programs at the University.
Shands entered into a contractual agreement, as of July 1, 1980, as subsequently restated and amended, with the Florida Board of Education, to provide for the use of hospital facilities at the JHMHC through December 31, 2030, with renewal provisions. The contractual agreement also provides for the transfer to Shands of all other assets and liabilities arising from the operation of the hospital facilities prior to July 1, 1980. At termination of the contractual agreement, the net position of Shands reverts to the State Board of Education. Legal title to all buildings and improvements transferred to Shands remains with the State of Florida during the term of the contractual agreement. The contractual agreement provides for a 12-month grace period for any event of default, other than the bankruptcy of Shands. In addition, the contractual agreement limits the right of the State Board of Education to terminate the contractual agreement solely to the circumstance in which Shands declares bankruptcy and, in such event, requires net revenues derived from the operation of the hospital facilities to continue to be applied to the payment of Shands' debts.
Under the terms of the contractual agreement, Shands is obligated to manage, operate, maintain, and insure the hospital facilities in support of the programs of the JHMHC and further agrees to contract with the State Board of Education for the provision of these programs. By operation of law, the University of Florida Board of Trustees has become the successor-in interest to the State Board of Education.
Shands Jacksonville HealthCare, Inc., (Shands Jacksonville) is a Florida not-for-profit corporation. Shands Jacksonville was organized primarily to provide healthcare and related services to the community including the City of Jacksonville and surrounding counties, and to support the teaching and research missions of the University.
University Village Apartments, Inc., (the Corporation) was established in 1969, for the purpose of providing housing for low- and moderate-income families, especially those affiliated with the University of Florida. Capital was contributed at inception by the University of Florida Foundation, Inc., but no capital stock was issued because the Corporation does not operate for the benefit of any special interest. The Corporation provided housing under Section 221(d)(3) of the National Housing Act. The facility consists of 28 two-story buildings and was regulated by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) as to rent charges and operating methods. The Corporation is no longer regulated by HUD since it has repaid in full its Section 221 insured loan. The Corporation dissolved as of June 17, 2015, and merged into the University Department of Housing and Residence Education. All transactions during the 2014-15 fiscal year are included in the University's financial statements.
University of Florida Self-Insurance Program (the Program) was created by the Florida Board of Regents, succeeded by the Florida Board of Governors, pursuant to Section 1004.24, Florida Statutes. The Program provides comprehensive general liability and professional liability (malpractice) coverage for the University of Florida and affiliated teaching hospitals that are providing education in healthcare or veterinary services.
University of Florida Healthcare Education Insurance Company (HEIC), was created on September 1, 1994, as a self-insurance mechanism created pursuant to Section 1004.24, Florida Statutes. HEIC writes coverage for the participants in the Self-Insurance Program (the Program) for loss exposure above the Program's retention. HEIC obtains excess loss reinsurance coverage from commercial insurance carriers for certain layers of exposure.
F. Basis of Presentation
The University's accounting policies conform with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America applicable to public colleges and universities as prescribed by GASB. The National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO) also provides the University with recommendations prescribed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles promulgated by GASB and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). GASB allows public universities various reporting options. The University of Florida has elected to report as an entity engaged in only business-type activities. This election requires the adoption of the accrual basis of accounting and entity-wide reporting including the following components:
- Management's Discussion and Analysis
- Basic Financial Statements:
- Statement of Net Position
- Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position
- Statement of Cash Flows
- Notes to the Financial Statements
- Other Required Supplementary Information
G. Basis of Accounting
Basis of accounting refers to when revenues, expenses, and related assets, deferred outflows of resources, liabilities, and deferred inflows of resources are recognized in the accounts and reported in the financial statements. Specifically, it relates to the timing of the measurements made, regardless of the measurement focus applied. The University's financial statements are presented using the economic resources measurement focus and the accrual basis of accounting. Revenues, expenses, gains, losses, assets, deferred outflows of resources, liabilities, and deferred inflows of resources resulting from exchange and exchange-like transactions are recognized when the exchange takes place. Revenues, expenses, gains, losses, assets, deferred outflows of resources, liabilities, and deferred inflows of resources resulting from non-exchange activities are generally recognized when all applicable eligibility requirements, including time requirements, are met. The University follows GASB standards of accounting and financial reporting.
The University's component units use the economic resources measurement focus and accrual basis of accounting whereby revenues are recognized when earned and expenses are recognized when incurred. Twenty-three component units follow GASB standards of accounting and financial reporting. Eight component units (University of Florida Foundation, Inc., Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., Southwest Florida Research and Education Foundation, Inc., Citrus Research and Education Foundation, Inc., Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc., Treasure Coast Agricultural Research Foundation, Inc., University of Florida Alumni Association, Inc., and University of Florida Investment Corporation) follow FASB standards of accounting and financial reporting for not-for- profit organizations.
Significant interdepartmental sales between auxiliary service departments and other institutional departments have been eliminated from revenues and expenses for reporting purposes.
The University's principal operating activities consist of instruction, research and public service. Operating revenues and expenses generally include all fiscal transactions directly related to these activities as well as administration, operation and maintenance of capital assets, and depreciation on capital assets. Non-operating revenues include Noncapital State Appropriations, Federal and State student financial aid, investment income and Capital State Appropriations for construction projects. Interest on capital asset-related debt is a non-operating expense.
The Statement of Net Position is presented in a classified format to distinguish between current and noncurrent assets and liabilities. When both restricted and unrestricted resources are available to fund certain programs, it is the University's policy to first apply the restricted resources to such programs, followed by the use of the unrestricted resources.
The Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position is presented by major sources and is reported net of tuition scholarships, discounts, and allowances. Tuition scholarships, discounts, and allowances are the differences between the stated charge for goods and services provided by the University and the amount that is actually paid by a student or a third party making payment on behalf of the student. The University applied "The Alternate Method" as prescribed in NACUBO Advisory Report 2000-05 to determine the reported net tuition scholarships, discounts, and allowances. Under this method, the University computes these amounts by allocating the cash payments to students, excluding payments for services, on a ratio of total aid to the aid not considered to be third-party aid.
The Statement of Cash Flows is presented using the direct method in compliance with GASB Statement No. 9, Reporting Cash Flows of Proprietary and Nonexpendable Trust Funds and Governmental Entities That Use Proprietary Fund Accounting.
H. Cash and Cash Equivalents
The amount reported by the University as cash and cash equivalents consists of cash on hand and cash in demand accounts. University cash deposits are held in banks qualified as public depositories under Florida law. All such deposits are insured by Federal depository insurance, up to specified limits, or collateralized with securities held in Florida's multiple financial institution collateral pool required by Chapter 280, Florida Statutes. Cash and cash equivalents that are externally restricted to make debt service payments, maintain sinking or reserve funds, or to purchase or construct capital assets or other restricted assets, are classified as restricted.
I. Capital Assets
University capital assets consist of land, construction in progress, buildings, infrastructure and other improvements, furniture and equipment, library resources, property under capital lease and leasehold improvements, works of art and historical treasures, computer software, and other capital assets. These assets are capitalized and recorded at cost at the date of acquisition or at estimated fair value on the date received in the case of gifts and purchases of State surplus property. Additions, improvements, and other outlays that significantly extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized. Other costs incurred for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. The University has a capitalization threshold of $4 million for intangible assets, which includes computer software, $5,000 for tangible personal property, and $250 for library resources. The costs of all new buildings and projects adding new square footage are capitalized. Infrastructure and leasehold improvements have a $250,000 capitalization threshold. For building renovations, the threshold is $250,000 or less if the amount expended is at least 25% of the cost basis of the building. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
- Buildings - 5 to 50 years, depending on construction
- Infrastructure and Other Improvements - 10 to 50 years
- Furniture and Equipment - 3 to 20 years
- Library Resources - 10 years
- Property Under Capital Lease and Leasehold Improvements - 10 to 50 years
- Computer Software - 5 years
J. Noncurrent Liabilities
Noncurrent liabilities include principal amounts of capital improvement debt payable, loans and notes payable, installment purchase agreements payable, capital leases payable, compensated absences payable, other postemployment benefits payable, net pension liabilities, and other noncurrent liabilities that are not scheduled to be paid within the next fiscal year. Capital improvement debt payable is reported net of unamortized premiums or discounts and losses on refunding. The University amortizes debt premiums and discounts over the life of the debt using the straight-line method. Losses on refunding are amortized over the life of the old debt or new debt (whichever is shorter) using the straight-line method.
K. Pensions
For purposes of measuring the net pension liabilities, deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources related to pensions, and pension expense, information about the fiduciary net position of the Florida Retirement System (FRS) defined benefit plan and the Health Insurance Subsidy (HIS) defined benefit plan and additions to/deductions from the FRS's and the HIS's fiduciary net position have been determined on the same basis as they are reported by the FRS and the HIS plans. For this purpose, benefit payments (including refunds of employee contributions) are recognized when due and payable in accordance with benefit terms. Investments are reported at fair value.